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Leonora Carrington, surrealist author, painter, and horse girl, painted this dreamily odd portrait of her much older boo, Max Ernst, in 1939.

Twenty-two year old Carrington painted this portrait when the two lived together in the French countryside, right before Max Ernst would be interred by the French government for, basically, being German. A short, but intensely creative and tumultuous relationship, Ernst and Carrington made many portraits of each other and pushed each other artistically.

While Leonora Carrington does not get her true due as a surrealist (classic), she was incredibly talented, very headstrong, and maybe a little psychic? In the year before Carrington and Ernst would meet in Paris, she was struck by a rendering of his painting Two Children Threatened by a Nightingale when her mom gave her a book on Surrealism. They fell hard, like love at first sight hard. Carrington was completely enamored, and believed him to be "the man that every woman waits for," although her opinion would develop and change with age.

What’s really important to know about Carrington, is that she was a next level horse-girl. She puts Taylor Swift to shame, truly, with an obsession so intense she was reportedly shocked as a child when her mom had to tell her (again) that she was in fact NOT a horse. Early on, Leonora used the horse as a proxy for herself in her stories, paintings, and drawings. Other surrealists also used animals as surrogates for themselves, and even Ernst had his own emblem, “Loplop the bird superior”.

We see both avatars in this painting, with two horses including a giant icy one, seated like a dog, springing from the ice in the background, and the small one in the lantern that Ernst is holding. Ernst is also in a fabulous feathery mermaid coat, both a reference to his alter ego Loplop and a mermaid sculpture at the home they shared in France. Most reports of their relationship show that in 1939 the couple was still happy, perhaps best evidenced in the desperate letters she sent to her friends when Max was interned at a camp for German citizens.

And yet, different scholars read the painting in very different ways. Some believe the horse in the lantern represents Leonora leading Max into a future together with the ice horse watching on, while others believe this painting represents a turn in their relationship. The latter think this frozen white horse is Leonora, unable to live freely as depicted by the running white horse in her self portrait. By that reasoning, lantern horse is ALSO her, trapped by Ernst and objectified into something useful for him. Honestly, this is one horsey girl, so I could see it either way, one horse Leonora or two.

Interestingly, Leonora only said one thing about this painting in an interview much later in life; “At that time I still accepted a lot of s***. Being a muse, all it means is that you’re somebody’s object, I was totally in love with [Ernst] fascinated by him, but I was so young." While Leonora was a rebel- leaving her boring rich English parents to live in Paris and become an artist, she eventually recognized that while Ernst had helped her focus her artistic energy, he was still sad boy artist and had room for improvement.

After their separation due to World War II, they emigrated separately to America and married other people for convenience. Ernst was really trying to get back on the Leonora train, but perhaps by then, after being tortured in a mental institute in Spain she had outgrown objectification by silver haired foxes. Carrington went on, continuing to be fabulous, and eventually broke the record for the highest price paid for a painting by a living Surrealist. More depressing than the early demise of their relationship, Carrington eventually moved away from using horses as her avatar. But I firmly believe, once a horse girl, always a horse girl.

 

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Here is what Wikipedia says about Portrait of Max Ernst


Portrait of Max Ernst

Portrait of Max Ernst, also known as Bird Superior – Portrait of Max Ernst, is an oil on canvas painting by English artist Leonora Carrington, created c. 1939. The painting was made when the two artists were having a short-lived affair. It is held at the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, who purchased it in 2018. It was the first work by the artist acquired by the museum.

History and description

Carrington met German Surrealist painter Max Ernst in a dinner in London, in 1937, and they soon become lovers. She moved shortly after to Paris, to stay with Ernst, and had the chance to meet there many leading Surrealist artists. The couple moved to the village of Saint-Martin-d'Ardèche, near Avignon, the following year. It was there that Carrington made the current painting, probably in 1939, shortly before the beginning of World War II, when the couple split. The influence of Ernst is noticed in the painting, with his human and animal symbiosis, like also Carrington's own personal stamp.

Ernst appears, white-haired, walking calmly, strangely dressed in a woolly feather-like covered red coat with a merman-like tail, while his only visible foot wears a stripped yellow sock. He is depicted in a frozen, desolated landscape, with a sea and snow mountains or icebergs visible in the distance. Ernst carries a kind of lantern, with a small horse inside. Behind him, to his left, stands a frozen horse. The horses have been interpreted as symbols of Carrington herself, who often portrayed them on her paintings, and as such their presence can be interpreted as representing the dependence she felt from Ernst or perhaps her wish to be freed from that.

Sarah Glennie wrote on the painting, in the catalogue of a Carrington exhibition held in 2013: "In her short story The Bird Superior Max Ernst, (...) and dedicated to Ernst, Carrington wrote of the Bird Superior (Ernst) and a horse (Carrington) becoming one in the presence of an alchemical fire and cauldron. Their union was symbolized by Ernst transforming into a bird who unties the horse from the fire so that together they are freed to escape through the war winds which leap out of the pot like smoke, like hair, like wind. Love is here represented by the philosopher’s stone, but the cauldron (symbolizing rebirth), the horse (symbolizing escape) and the bird (symbolizing renewal) tend to all evoke a quintessentially Celtic goddess iconography".

Check out the full Wikipedia article about Portrait of Max Ernst