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Balthus was born Balthasar Klossowski in Paris. 

He decided to become a nobleman and called himself Count Klossowski de Rola. His father later suggested dropping the fake nobleman schtick and using the name Balthus. Just like Madonna, Prince, Cher, and Sting, Balthus has no first or last name, it's just Balthus.

He married an aristocrat named Antoinette de Watteville. She was also an elite model, but looks are not everything, and they separated after eight years.

Balthus had two children from this marriage to Antoinette, Thaddeus and Stanislas (Stash) Klossowski. They recently published a book of letters by their father and mother.

After separating from Antoinette, Balthus moved into Chateau de Chassy to live with his rebellious niece Frédérique Tison, who was only 16.

Early on, his work was admired by writers and fellow painters. His circle of friends in Paris included writers Albert CamusPierre Jean Jouve, and Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, the photographer Man Ray, the playwright and actor Antonin Artaud, and the painters André DerainJoan Miró, André Breton, Pablo Picasso, and Alberto Giacometti. Later in his life he would move to Rome, where he became friends with the filmmaker Federico Fellini, the Wes Anderson of Italy.

Balthus adopted a street cat and began to make a series of 40 drawings depicting his adventurous life with Mitsou, the cat; their encounter, their love affair, and Mitsou's departure forever, and the sadness of its loss.  

His mother's lover was poet Rainer Maria Rilke, who was taken by Balthus' artwork, became his patron early on, and published Balthus' drawings in a booklet in 1921 titled "Mitsou 40 images." Balthus' mother lived with her husband and with Mr Rilke, and some speculate that Rilke was actually Balthus' biological father, which would make Balthus a descendant of Lord Byron, which he would have really liked.

Balthus was one of the few artists to have his work represented in the Louvre while still alive. Pablo Picasso sold Balthus' painting The Children (1937) to the  museum from his private collection.

Bono, lead-singer of U2, sang at Balthus' funeral in 2001.

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Here is what Wikipedia says about Balthus

Balthasar Klossowski de Rola (February 29, 1908 – February 18, 2001), known as Balthus, was a Polish-French modern artist. He is known for his erotically charged images of pubescent girls, but also for the refined, dreamlike quality of his imagery.

Throughout his career, Balthus rejected the usual conventions of the art world. He insisted that his paintings should be seen and not read about, and he resisted attempts to build a biographical profile. Nevertheless, towards the end of his life he took part in a series of dialogues with the neurobiologist Semir Zeki, conducted at his chalet at Rossinière, Switzerland and at the Palazzo Farnese (French Embassy) in Rome. They were published in 1995 under the title La Qûete de l'essentiel, and in them he gives some of his views on art, painting and some other painters.

Check out the full Wikipedia article about Balthus